不同种类中国杉对土壤养分状况的影响

The effects of different types of Chinese fir stand,including those with varous composition (pure and mixed),in various cropping systems (first and continuous cropping system)and at different ages,on the nutrient status of soils the hilly regions of southern Anhui Province were studied by means of ecological sequential comparison on the basis of similar climate and soil type.The work was carried out in the Xiaoxi Forest Farm of Jingxian County and the Caijiaqiao Forest Farm of Jingde Coundy,where the soil is parayellow soil derived from phyllite and sandstone,The results revealed that with the increase of age,Chinese fir pure stand could accumulate organic matter and nitrogen in the soil but it resulted in decreasing of soil pH and base ions(especially Ca^2 ) compared to its mixed stand with broad-leaf trees such as Chinese sassafras,In order to improve the soil fertility,It would be better to mix Chinese fir with broad-leaf trees when afforestation In the management of Chinese fir pure stand,base compounds and phosphates should be added to the soil for mintaining soil fertility and raising and raising forest productivity.     

应用反射光谱法对土壤粘土矿物的鉴定的初步研究

The characteristics of the reflectance spectra of clay minerals and their influences on the reflectance spectra of soils are dealt with in the paper.The results showed that dominant clay minerals in soils could be distinguished in light of the spectral -form parameters of the reflectance spectra of soils,thus making it possible to develop a quick method to determine clay minerals by means of reflectance spectra of soils in the lab.and providing a theoretic basis for remote sensing of clay minerals in soils with a high resolution imaging spectrometer.     

湿沉淀对采汞地区山地土壤中汞的影响

There is abundance of Mercury mine resurces in the Fanjinshan Mountain,Mining mercury has a long history there,The concentration of geseous Hg produced in smelting He reaches 20-50mg/m^3 in the tail gas.Because mercury element is an easily transferring microelement,the paper talks about the effect of mercury in Hg mining in Guizhou Province on alpine soil,analyses Hg content in alpine soil at 2000 m of relative elevation in the Hg mining area,and explores for causes of the Hg pollution.     

城市化对上海土壤环境质量的影响

Heavy metal contents in the soils in the Baoshan District of Shanghai were monitored to evaluate the risk of soil environmental quality degradation due to rapid urbanization and to reveal the ways of heavy metal accumulation in soil during rapid urban sprawl. It was found that the soils in this district were commonly contaminated by Pb, Zn and Cd. Evaluated with a geo-accumulation index (I_geo), the rate of Pb contamination in soils was 100% with 59% of these graded as moderate-severe or severe; Zn contamination reached 59% with 6% graded as moderate-severe or severe; and Cd contamination was over 50%, with one site graded as moderate-severe and another severe-extremely severe. Metal contamination of soils around the Shanghai metropolis was mainly attributed to trame, industrial production, wastewater irrigation and improper disposal of solid wastes. Because of continuing urbanization, the cultivated land around the metropolis should be comprehensively planned and carefully managed. Also the soil environmental quality of vegetable production bases in this area should be monitored regularly, with vegetables to be grown selected according to the degrees and types of soil contamination.     

综合研究以生态修复为指导思想的水土保持技术路线探讨

生态修复的理论和实践证明,我国大多数地区都具有一定的生态修复自然条件和潜力。水土流失防治的指导思想要从注重工程建设向充分依靠生态系统的自我修复能力、积极开展流域治理的思路上转变,流域治理的总体布局、措施配置等要更加尊重自然规律,减少对自然生态系统的负面干扰,以人与自然和谐相处的理念认识自然、改造自然和利用自然。在防治标准、评价指标体系、不同类型区的关键技术措施等方面,还需强有力的技术支持。     

闲置开发平土区水土流失特性及其治理途径研究

城市化水土流失及其治理仍是个新的课题。通过对深圳地区的花岗岩风化物土壤的开发平土区水土流失特性分析和侵蚀调查 ,提出了适合城市开发平土区的侵蚀等级划分和侵蚀模数。在此基础上 ,治理实践从水土流失和城市景观双重视角开展了三边优先治理。在治理途径方面探索出“理顺水系、周边控制、绿化固坡”的治理模式。     

防治南方土壤侵蚀的新途径——贴地表覆被

在分析南方水土流失特征的基础上 ,对贴地表覆被保持水土效益作了系统评价。由此提出了以贴地表覆被为中心的植被建设防治土壤侵蚀的新途径。     

江西省水土流失现状及其防治对策

该分析了江西省水土流失现状，危害及成因。并根据全省自然条件的差异和水土流失特点及治理方向，将全省划分为七个不同类型区，并提出了防治水土流失的对策。     

不同农艺措施改良盐化潮土效果的研究

在田间条件下采用定位试验,研究了不同农艺措施改良盐化潮土的作用和效果。结果表明:不同农艺措施对改善土壤物理性状、促进土壤脱盐、提高作物产量方面有不同的效果。其中综合农艺措施实施5年后,使土壤容重降低0 21gcm-3、有机质增加1 25gkg-1、土壤脱盐率达29 45%、使春小麦增产27 98%。